Measuring efficiency
in order to improve it
The awareness of the peculiarities of data centers, and the commitment to improve their energy efficiency has lead to develop dedicated indexes for these applications:

PUE (percentage of effectiveness) = total facility power/ IT equipment power
It considers the overall energy efficiency of the data center, measured as the ration between power absorbed by RACS and total absorbed power and power absorbed by RACs.
As only energy used to transfer data creates value added for the data center, a ratio close to 1 would represent the condition of optimum efficiency.
Most data centers have a PUE between 2 and 3, excellent values are between 1,2 and 1,5.

DCiE = 1/PUE x 100
Reciprocal of PUE, DCiE show the % of power absorbed by IT infrastructure, compared to the overal Data Center consumption.
Values close to 33% are usual for traditional Data Centers. DCiE 66% reflects a very high energy efficiency.

CAPEX (Capital Expenses)
Initial investments on the Data Center. Data Centers are featured by H24, 365days a year operation. This reduced the pay back time of even very high initial investments, when they bring running costs reduction.

OPEX (Operative Expenses)
Running costs of the data center. Operating 24 hours a day, 365 days a year for an average of 10 years, running costs are crucial for a data center.
Even a small saving becomes very significant over time. This justifies even very high initial investments and justifies an anticipated refurbishment of the systems, aimed to improve their efficiency.

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